The X68000 (X68000 Ekkusu Rokuman Hassen) is a home computer, or personal computer, created by Sharp Corporation, first released in 1987, sold only in Japan.
Technical specifications[ | ]
Processors[ | ]
- Main CPU (central processing unit)
- Sub-CPU: Oki MSM80C51 MCU[1]
- GPU (graphics processing unit) chipset: Sharp-Hudson Custom Chipset[2][3]
- X68000 (1987) model - CYNTHIA Jr Sprite Controller, VINAS CRT Controller, VSOP Video Controller, RESERVE Video Data Selector
- ACE (1988) to X68030 (1993) models - CYNTHIA Sprite Controller, VICON CRT Controller, VIPS Video Controller, CATHY Video Data Selector
- Sound chips:[4]
- Yamaha YM2151: Eight FM synthesis channels
- Yamaha YM3012: Floating point DAC with 2-channel stereo output
- Oki MSM6258: One 4-bit ADPCM mono channel @ 22 kHz sampling rate
- Coprocessor: AMD Banchu Cammago 4007 (Super models in 1990)[5]
Memory[ | ]
- ROM: 1 MB (128 KB BIOS, 768 KB Character Generator)
- Main RAM: 1-4 MB (expandable up to 12 MB)
- VRAM: 1056 KB
- 512 KB graphics
- 512 KB text
- 32 KB sprites
- SRAM: 16 KB static RAM
Graphics[ | ]
- Color palette: 65,536[1] (16-bit RGB high color depth)[6]
- Maximum colors on screen: 65,536 (in 512×512 resolution)
- Screen resolutions (all out of 65,536 color palette)[4][6]
- 256×240 pixels @ 16 to 65,536 colors
- 256×256 pixels @ 16 to 65,536 colors
- 512×240 pixels @ 16 to 65,536 colors
- 512×256 pixels @ 16 to 65,536 colors
- 512×512 pixels @ 16 to 65,536 colors
- 640×480 pixels @ 16 to 64 colors
- 768×512 pixels @ 16 to 64 colors
- 1024×1024 pixels @ 16 to 64 colors
- Graphics hardware: Hardware scrolling, priority control, super-impose, dual tilemap background layers,[4] sprite flipping[6]
- Graphical planes: 1-4 bitmap planes, 1-2 tilemap planes, 1 sprite plane[6][7]
- Bitmap planes[1][6]
- 1 layer: 512×512 resolution @ 65,536 colors on screen, or 1024×1024 resolution @ 64 colors on screen (out of 65,536 color palette)
- 2 layers: 512×512 resolution @ 256 colors on screen per layer (512 colors combined) (out of 65,536 color palette)
- 4 layers: 512×512 resolution @ 16 colors on screen per layer (64 colors combined) (out of 65,536 color palette)
- BG tilemap planes[6][7]
- BG plane resolutions: 256×256 (2 layers) or 512×512 (1 layer)
- BG chip/tile size: 8×8 or 16×16
- Colors per BG layer: 256 (out of 65,536 color palette)
- BG colors on screen: 256 (1 layer) or 512 (2 layers), out of 65,536 color palette
- BG tiles on screen: 512 (16×16 tiles in 256×256 layers) to 4096 (8×8 tiles in 512×512 layer)
- Sprite plane[1][6][7]
- Sprite count: 128 sprites on screen, 32 sprites per scanline, 256 sprite patterns in VRAM (can be multiplied up to 512 sprites on screen with scanline raster interrupt method[8])
- Sprite size: 16×16
- Colors per sprite: 16 colors per palette, selectable from 16 palettes (out of 65,536 color palette)
- Sprite colors on screen: 256 (out of 65,536 color palette)
- Sprite tile size: 8×8 or 16×16
- Sprite tile count: 128 (16×16) to 512 (8×8) on screen, 256 (16×16) to 1024 (8×8) in VRAM
- Bitmap planes[1][6]
Other specifications[ | ]
- Expansion: 2 card slots (4 on Pro models)
- I/O Ports:
- 2 MSX compatible joystick ports
- Audio IN / OUT
- Stereo scope/3D goggles port
- TV/monitor Control
- RGB/NTSC Video Image I/O
- Expansion (2 slots)
- External FDD (up to 2)
- SASI/SCSI (depending on model)
- RS232 serial port
- Parallel port
- Headphone and microphone ports
- Floppy Drives:
- Two soft-eject 5.25″ floppy drives, 1.2 MB each
- Two 3.5″ floppy drives, 1.44 MB each (compact models)
- Hard Disk: 20-80 MB SASI/SCSI (depending on model)
- Operating Systems: Human68k (MS DOS-alike developed by Hudson), SX-Windows GUI
- Power Input: AC 100V, 50/60 Hz
- Weight: ~8 kg (~10 kg Pro)
Optional upgrades[ | ]
- Upgradable CPU:[9]
- HARP: Motorola 68000 @ 20 MHz
- REDZONE: Motorola 68000 @ 24 MHz
- X68030 D'ash: Motorola 68030 @ 33 MHz
- Xellent30: Motorola 68030 @ 40 MHz
- HARP-FX: Motorola 68030 @ 50 MHz
- Xellent40: Motorola 68040 @ 33 MHz
- 060Turbo: Motorola 68060 @ 50 MHz
- Jupiter-EX: Motorola 68060 @ 66 MHz
- Venus-X/060: Motorola 68060 @ 75 MHz
- Additional CPU:[9]
- CONCERTO-X68K: NEC V30 @ 8 MHz, with 512 KB RAM
- VDTK-X68K: NEC V70 @ 20 MHz, with 2 MB DRAM and 128 KB SRAM
- FPU (floating point unit) coprocessor:[9][10]
- Sharp CZ-6BP1
- Sharp CZ-6BP2: Motorola 68881 @ 16 MHz
- Sharp CZ-5MP1: Motorola 68882 @ 25 MHz
- Xellent30: Motorola 68882 @ 33 MHz
- Tsukumo TS-6BE6DE: Motorola MC68882, with 6 MB RAM
- Sound card:[9][11]
- Sharp CZ-6BM1: MIDI card
- System Sacom SX-68M: MIDI card
- System Sacom SX-68M-2: MIDI card
- Marcury-Unit: 16-bit stereo PCM @ 48 kHz sampling rate, 2× Yamaha YMF288 FM synthesis sound chips
- Graphics accelerator & sound card: Tsukumo TS-6BGA[12][13][14]
- Graphics chip: Cirrus Logic CL-GD5434 (1994)
- VRAM: 2 MB (2048 KB) 64-bit DRAM
- Color palette: 16,777,216 (24-bit RGB true color depth) and alpha channel (RGBA)
- Maximum colors on screen: 16,777,216
- Maximum resolution: 2048×1024 pixels
- Screen resolutions (all out of 16,777,216 color palette)
- 768×512 pixels @ 32,768 to 16,777,216 colors
- 800×600 pixels @ 32,768 to 16,777,216 colors
- 1024×512 pixels @ 32,768 to 16,777,216 colors
- 1024×768 pixels @ 32,768 to 16,777,216 colors
- 1024×1024 pixels @ 32,768 colors
- 1280×1024 pixels @ 256 colors
- 2048×1024 pixels @ 256 colors
- Graphical capabilities: 64-bit GUI acceleration, blitter, bit blit
- Audio capabilities: 16-bit stereo PCM @ 48 kHz sampling rate
- Hard disk drive storage:[10]
- Sharp CZ-5H08: 80 MB
- Sharp CZ-68H: 81 MB
- Sharp CZ-5H16: 160 MB
See also[ | ]
- X68000's MDX
- X1, the predecessor of the X68000
- FM Towns
- NEC PC-9801
- Amiga
References[ | ]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 http://museum.ipsj.or.jp/en/computer/personal/0038.html
- ↑ http://nfggames.com/games/x68k/
- ↑ http://www.gamesx.com/wiki/doku.php?id=x68000:custom_chips
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 http://www.retrogamer.info/computer/x68000/
- ↑ http://old-computers.com/MUSEUM/computer.asp?st=1&c=307
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 https://github.com/mamedev/mame/tree/master/src/mess/video/x68k.c
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 http://gamesx.com/wiki/doku.php?id=x68000:screen_control
- ↑ http://shmuplations.com/chorensha68k/
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 http://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&sl=ja&u=http://ht-deko.minim.ne.jp/x68k.html
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 http://www.gamesx.com/wiki/doku.php?id=x68000:x68000_product_catalog
- ↑ http://www.illusionware.it/x68000.htm
- ↑ http://www.gamesx.com/wiki/doku.php?id=x68000:ts-6bga_-_pcm_sound_board_graphics_accelerator
- ↑ http://x68k.net/download/MAT-TS/TS_6BGA.pdf
- ↑ http://www.vgamuseum.info/index.php/component/content/article/1045-cirrus-logic-cl-gd5434-hc-b